POSC Specifications
Version 3.0
Epicentre Standard Values
material_class

material_class

Standard Instance Values

identifier naming _system description parent _class source version status
  naming _system .identifier   material _class .identifier   ref _version .identifier  
core POSC core type A sample of rock extracted from a well collected using a core bit or collected using a sidewall core sampling device.   POSC epicentre 3.0 current
axial plug POSC core type A plug cut from a conventional core with the axis of plug the same as longitudinal axis of core. core POSC epicentre 2.2 current
axial section POSC core type A slab cut from a conventional core with the axis of section same as longitudinal axis of core (forms a rectangular slab). core POSC epicentre 2.2 current
box POSC core type A core sample from an oceanographic survey. These are typically used for site analysis and in geochemical surveys. The core is recovered as a rectangular sample with a dredge sample method. core POSC epicentre 2.2 current
conventional POSC core type A cylindrical section of rock, usually 5-10 cm in diameter and up to several metres in length, taken as a sample of the interval penetrated by a core bit, and brought to the surface for geologic examination and/or laboratory analysis. core POSC epicentre 2.2 current
conventional plug POSC core type A small rock sample drilled out of a core in the laboratory. It is used formation analysis where precise size and shape must be controlled for some tests. conventional POSC epicentre 2.2 current
sidewall POSC core type A core or rock sample extracted from the wall of a drill hole, either by shooting a retractable hollow projectile, or by mechanically removing a sample. core POSC epicentre 2.2 current
drilled sidewall POSC core type A sidewall core that is obtained by drilling into the wall of the drill hole, as opposed to shooting a projectile. sidewall POSC epicentre 2.2 current
percussion sidewall POSC core type A rock sample extracted from the wall of a drill hole by shooting a retractable projectile. sidewall POSC epicentre 2.2 current
piston POSC core type A core sample, also called dart or gravity core, taken in oceanographic surveys. They are typically used for site analysis and in geochemical surveys. The coring device has a piston mechanism to reduce suction and aid retrieval. core POSC epicentre 2.2 current
rotary sidewall POSC core type A sample that is extracted from the wall of a wellbore by a drilling with a wireline or pipe conveyed tool. sidewall POSC epicentre 2.2 current
sidewall core button POSC core type A cleaned, trimmed sample taken from a sidewall core for use in mercury injection sample analysis. sidewall POSC epicentre 2.2 current
transverse plug POSC core type A sample cut with the axis of plug at 90 degrees to longitudinal axis of core. This is oriented like a sidewall core, but is cut from a core in the lab. conventional POSC epicentre 2.2 current
transverse section POSC core type A sample cut from a conventional core with the axis of section at 90 degrees to longitudinal axis of core (forms a cylindrical piece). conventional POSC epicentre 2.2 current
tubing POSC tubular A small diameter removable pipe installed within a larger diameter casing and connected to a well completion. Produced fluids are conducted to the surface through tubing.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
casing POSC tubular Steel pipe installed in the wellbore of a well as drilling progresses.   POSC epicentre 3.0 current
liner POSC tubular A string of casing that does not extend up to the surface. casing POSC epicentre 3.0 current
kingdom taxonomic class level The primary division of natural objects (Plant, Animal, Mineral). taxonomic class POSC epicentre 2.1 current
phylum taxonomic class level The primary division of Kingdoms into Phyla in the system of biological taxonomy. taxonomic class POSC epicentre 2.1 current

material_class

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identifier naming _system description parent _class source version status
class taxonomic class level The category in biological taxonomy below Phylum and above Order or Sub-class. taxonomic class POSC epicentre 2.1 current
sub-class taxonomic class level The category in biological taxonomy sometimes used to subdivide Class, lies above Order. taxonomic class POSC epicentre 2.1 current
order taxonomic class level The category in biological taxonomy below Class and above Family. taxonomic class POSC epicentre 2.1 current
family taxonomic class level The category in biological taxonomy below Order and above Genus and usually comprising several to may Genera. taxonomic class POSC epicentre 2.1 current
genus taxonomic class level The category in biological taxonomy below Genus comprising related organisms or populations potentially capable of interbreeding. taxonomic class POSC epicentre 2.1 current
species taxonomic class level The category in biological taxonomy below Genus consisting of individuals having identical or nearly identical form and anatomical features, with measurable distinctness from other species. taxonomic class POSC epicentre 2.1 current
local group taxonomic class level A grouping of fossils into a stratigraphically significant assemblage for use in time correlation on a local or regional scale. The name used has no taxonomic significance. taxonomic class POSC epicentre 2.1 current
hydrogen chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 1 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
helium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 2 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
lithium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 3 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
beryllium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 4 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
boron chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 5 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
carbon chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 6 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
nitrogen chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 7 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
oxygen chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 8 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
fluorine chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 9 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
neon chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 10 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
sodium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 11 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
magnesium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 12 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
aluminum chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 13 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current

material_class

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identifier naming _system description parent _class source version status
silicon chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 14 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
phosphorus chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 15 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
sulfur chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 16 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
chlorine chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 17 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
argon chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 18 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
potassium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 19 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
calcium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 20 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
scandium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 21 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
titanium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 22 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
vanadium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 23 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
chromium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 24 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
manganese chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 25 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
iron chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 26 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
cobalt chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 27 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
nickel chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 28 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
copper chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 29 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
zinc chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 30 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
gallium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 31 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
germanium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 32 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
arsenic chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 33 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current

material_class

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identifier naming _system description parent _class source version status
selenium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 34 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
bromine chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 35 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
krypton chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 36 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
rubidium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 37 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
strontium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 38 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
yttrium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 39 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
zirconium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 40 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
niobium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 41 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
molybdenum chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 42 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
technetium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 43 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
ruthenium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 44 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
rhodium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 45 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
palladium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 46 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
silver chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 47 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
cadmium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 48 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
indium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 49 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
tin chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 50 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
anitmony chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 51 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
tellurium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 52 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
iodine chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 53 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current

material_class

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identifier naming _system description parent _class source version status
xenon chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 54 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
cesium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 55 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
barium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 56 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
lanthanum chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 57 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
cerium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 58 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
praseodymium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 59 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
neodymium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 60 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
promethium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 61 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
samarium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 62 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
europium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 63 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
gadolinium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 64 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
terbium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 65 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
dysprosium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 66 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
holmium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 67 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
erbium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 68 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
thulium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 69 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
ytterbium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 70 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
lutetium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 71 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
hafnium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 72 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
tantalum chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 73 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current

material_class

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identifier naming _system description parent _class source version status
tungsten chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 74 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
rhenium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 75 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
osmium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 76 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
iridium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 77 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
platinum chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 78 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
gold chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 79 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
mercury chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 80 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
thallium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 81 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
lead chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 82 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
bismuth chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 83 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
polonium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 84 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
astatine chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 85 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
radon chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 86 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
francium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 87 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
radium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 88 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
actinium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 89 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
thorium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 90 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
protactinium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 91 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
uranium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 92 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
neptunium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 93 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current

material_class

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identifier naming _system description parent _class source version status
plutonium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 94 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
americium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 95 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
curium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 96 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
berkelium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 97 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
californium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 98 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
einsteinium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 99 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
fermium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 100 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
mendelevium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 101 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
nobelium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 102 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
lawrencium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 103 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
unnilquadium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 104 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
unnilpentium chemical element The chemical element with atomic number 105 chemical element POSC epicentre 2.1 current
organic molecule type The material is an organic molecule   POSC epicentre 3.0 current
inorganic molecule type The material is an inorganic molecule or ionic compound.   POSC epicentre 3.0 current
nitrogen molecule type A molecule consisting of two atoms of nitrogen. inorganic POSC epicentre 2.1 current
oxygen molecule type A molecule consisting of two atoms of oxygen. inorganic POSC epicentre 2.1 current
ozone molecule type A molecule consisting of three atoms of oxygen. inorganic POSC epicentre 2.1 current
hydrogen molecule type A molecule consisting of two atoms of hydrogen. inorganic POSC epicentre 2.1 current
water molecule type A chemical compound consisting of one atom of oxygen and two atoms of hydrogen. inorganic POSC epicentre 2.1 current
carbon dioxide molecule type A chemical compound consisting of one atom of carbon and two atoms of oxygen. inorganic POSC epicentre 2.1 current

material_class

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identifier naming _system description parent _class source version status
hydrogen sulfide molecule type A chemical compound consisting of one atom of sulfur and two atoms of hydrogen. inorganic POSC epicentre 2.1 current
ammonia molecule type A chemical compound consisting of one atom of nitrogen and three atoms of hydrogen. inorganic POSC epicentre 2.1 current
hydrocarbon molecule type The chemical compound is an organic compound composed of hydrogen and oxygen atoms only. organic POSC epicentre 3.0 current
methane molecule type A chemical compound consisting of one atom of carbon and four atoms of hydrogen. hydrocarbon POSC epicentre 2.1 current
ethane molecule type A chemical compound consisting of two atoms of carbon and six atoms of hydrogen. hydrocarbon POSC epicentre 2.1 current
propane molecule type A chemical compound consisting of three atoms of carbon and eight atoms of hydrogen. hydrocarbon POSC epicentre 2.1 current
butane molecule type A chemical compound consisting of four atoms of carbon and ten atoms of hydrogen, in which none of the carbons are bound to more than two other carbons. hydrocarbon POSC epicentre 2.1 current
isobutane molecule type A variation of butane in which one carbon is bound to three other carbons hydrocarbon POSC epicentre 2.1 current
alcohol molecule type The compound consists of an organic constituent plus a hydroxyl (-OH) group. organic POSC epicentre 3.0 current
methanol molecule type An alcohol. A variation of methane in which one hydrogen atom is replaced by a hydroxyl (OH) group. alcohol POSC epicentre 2.1 current
ethanol molecule type An alcohol. A variation of ethane in which one hydrogen atom is replaced by a hydroxyl (OH) group. alcohol POSC epicentre 2.1 current
propanol molecule type An alcohol. A variation of ethanol in which one hydrogen attached to an end carbon is replaced by a hydroxyl (OH) group. alcohol POSC epicentre 2.1 current
isopropyl alcohol. molecule type An alcohol. A variation of propanol in which the hydroxyl group is attached to the middle carbon. alcohol POSC epicentre 2.1 current
organic acid molecule type The compound consists of an organic constituent plus a carboxylic acid group. organic epicentre 3.0 current  
formic acid molecule type A carboxylic acid. A single hydrogen atom is attached to a carboxyl (COOH) group. organic acid POSC epicentre 2.1 current
acetic acid molecule type A carboxylic acid. A methyl (CH3) group is attached to a carboxyl (COOH) group. organic acid POSC epicentre 2.1 current
ethene molecule type A chemical compound consisting of two atoms of carbon and four atoms of hydrogen, with a double bond between the carbons. hydrocarbon POSC epicentre 2.1 current
propene molecule type A chemical compound consisting of three atoms of carbon and six atoms of hydrogen, with a double bond between two of the carbons. hydrocarbon POSC epicentre 2.1 current
benzene molecule type A chemical compound consisting of six atoms of carbon and six atoms of hydrogen. The carbons are arranged in a ring, with alternating single and double bonds. hydrocarbon POSC epicentre 2.1 current
sodium chloride molecule type An ionic compound consisting of equal moles of sodium and chloride ions. Also commonly known as salt. inorganic POSC epicentre 2.1 current

material_class

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identifier naming _system description parent _class source version status
ferric oxide molecule type An ionic compound consisting of three moles of oxide ions for every two moles of iron III (ferric) ions. Also known as rust. inorganic POSC epicentre 2.1 current
oil based mud drilling fluid The material is an oil based mud (drilling fluid).   POSC epicentre 3.0 current
diesel drilling fluid A drilling fluid whose primary liquid component is diesel fuel grade hydrocarbon. oil based mud POSC epicentre 2.1 current
mineral drilling fluid A drilling fluid whose primary liquid component is a light weight mineral oil. oil based mud POSC epicentre 2.1 current
low toxicity drilling fluid A oil based drilling fluid specially formulated to avoid the safety and environmental problems normally associated with these types of fluids. oil based mud POSC epicentre 2.1 current
solids free fluid drilling fluid The material is a solids free fluid solution.   POSC epicentre 3.0 current
Calcium Chloride Brine (CaCl) drilling fluid A brine based on calcium chloride salt. solids free fluid POSC epicentre 2.1 current
Sodium Chloride Brine (NaCl) drilling fluid A brine based on sodium chloride salt. solids free fluid POSC epicentre 2.1 current
Potassium Chloride Brine(KCl) drilling fluid A brine based on potassium chloride salt. solids free fluid POSC epicentre 2.1 current
Calcium Bromide Brine (CaBr) drilling fluid A brine based on calcium bromide salt. solids free fluid POSC epicentre 2.1 current
Sodium Bromide Brine (NaBr) drilling fluid A brine based on sodium bromide salt. solids free fluid POSC epicentre 2.1 current
water based mud drilling fluid The material is a water based mud (drilling fluid).   POSC epicentre 3.0 current
spud mud drilling fluid An un-weighted high viscosity mud used in large surface holes which result in low annular velocities. water based mud POSC epicentre 2.1 current
Bentonite/Polymer drilling fluid A simple mud which provides no formation inhibition. water based mud POSC epicentre 2.1 current
Gypsum/Polymer drilling fluid A mud which uses Gypsum to provide a moderate amount of formation inhibition. water based mud POSC epicentre 2.1 current
Seawater/Polymer drilling fluid A low solids non-dispersed system which has the ability to be converted into a more inhibitive system if the need arises. water based mud POSC epicentre 2.1 current
KCL/Polymer drilling fluid A highly inhibitive mud, used primarily for drilling reactive tertiary claystone sections. water based mud POSC epicentre 2.1 current
solid additive drilling fluid additive The material is a solid additive to a borehole fluid   POSC epicentre 3.0 current
clay drilling fluid additive A plastic, soft earth, commonly a hydrous silicate of alumina, used in the forming of drilling mud. Clays are essentially insoluble in water, but disperse under hydration and shearing into extremely small particles. solid additive POSC epicentre 2.1 current
cuttings drilling fluid additive Small pieces of formation that are the result of the chipping and/or crushing action of the bit. solid additive POSC epicentre 2.1 current

material_class

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identifier naming _system description parent _class source version status
cement drilling fluid additive A mixture or calcium aluminates and silicates made by combining lime and clay while heating, used to bond the casing to the borehole and for other completion activities. solid additive POSC epicentre 2.1 current
fluid loss control agent drilling fluid additive Any of a class of material used reduce the volume of filtrate lost to a permeable material.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
weight material drilling fluid additive Any of the high specific gravity materials used to increase the density of drilling fluids.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
viscosity material drilling fluid additive Any solid material added to the drilling mud to increase internal resistance to flow. solid additive POSC epicentre 2.1 current
dehydrating agent drilling fluid additive Any solid material inserted into the drilling fluid to absorb or bind water. solid additive POSC epicentre 2.1 current
fracture proppant drilling fluid additive Any of a class of granular material used to prop open hydraulically created fractures. solid additive POSC epicentre 2.1 current
ball sealers drilling fluid additive Small balls, generally made of hard rubber, used to temporarily seal open perforations and divert injected fluids into other perforations during well stimulation. solid additive POSC epicentre 2.1 current
kerogen drilling fluid additive Fossilized insoluble organic material found in sedimentary rocks, usually shales, which can be converted to petroleum products by distillation. solid additive POSC epicentre 2.1 current
1 iadc bearing and gauge standard roller bearing. not gauge protected.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
2 iadc bearing and gauge roller bearing air cooled. not gauge protected.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
3 iadc bearing and gauge roller bearing. gauge protected.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
4 iadc bearing and gauge sealed roller bearing. not gauge protected.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
5 iadc bearing and gauge sealed roller bearing. gauge protected.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
6 iadc bearing and gauge sealed friction bearing. not gauge protected.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
7 iadc bearing and gauge sealed friction bearing. gauge protected.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
M iadc body material matrix   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
S iadc body material steel   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
1 iadc body style a fishtail PDC or a "flat" diamond bit   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
2 iadc body style a short bit profile   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
3 iadc body style a medium bit profile   POSC epicentre 2.1 current

material_class

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identifier naming _system description parent _class source version status
4 iadc body style a long bit profile   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
1 iadc cutter density PDC material, bit incorporates less than 30 - 1/2 inch cutters.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
2 iadc cutter density PDC material, bit incorporates between 30 and 40 - 1/2 inch cutters.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
3 iadc cutter density PDC material, bit incorporates between 40 and 50 - 1/2 inch cutters.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
4 iadc cutter density PDC material, bit incorporates more than 50 - 1/2 inch cutters.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
6 iadc cutter density diamond material, diamond sizes are larger than 3 stones per carat.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
7 iadc cutter density diamond material, diamond sizes are between 3 and 7 stones per carat.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
8 iadc cutter density diamond material, diamond sizes are smaller than 7 stones per carat.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
1 iadc cutter size PDC bits use cutters with diameters larger than 24 mm. Diamond bits use natural diamonds.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
2 iadc cutter size PDC bits use cutters with diameters between 14 and 24 mm. Diamond bits use synthetic diamonds.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
3 iadc cutter size PDC bits use cutters with diameters between 8 and 14 mm. Diamond bits use a mixture of natural and synthetic diamonds.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
4 iadc cutter size PDC bits use cutters with diameters of 8 mm or less. Diamond bits must be of the impregnated type.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
1 iadc cutting structure     POSC epicentre 2.1 current
2 iadc cutting structure     POSC epicentre 2.1 current
3 iadc cutting structure     POSC epicentre 2.1 current
4 iadc cutting structure     POSC epicentre 2.1 current
1 iadc cutting structure series steel tooth bit, for soft formations with low compressive strength and high drillability.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
2 iadc cutting structure series steel tooth bit, for medium to medium hard formations with high compressive strength.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
3 iadc cutting structure series steel tooth bit, for hard semi-abrasive formations.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
4 iadc cutting structure series insert bit, for soft formations with low compressive strength and high drillability.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current

material_class

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identifier naming _system description parent _class source version status
5 iadc cutting structure series insert bit, for soft to medium formations with low compressive strength.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
6 iadc cutting structure series insert bit, for medium hard formations with high compressive strength.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
7 iadc cutting structure series insert bit, for hard semi-abrasive and abrasive formations.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
8 iadc cutting structure series insert bit, for extremely hard and abrasive formations.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
BC iadc dull characteristic broken cone   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
BF iadc dull characteristic bond failure   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
BT iadc dull characteristic broken teeth/cutters   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
BU iadc dull characteristic balled up bit   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
CC iadc dull characteristic cracked cone   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
CD iadc dull characteristic cone dragged   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
CI iadc dull characteristic cone interference   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
CR iadc dull characteristic cored   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
CT iadc dull characteristic chipped teeth/cutters   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
ER iadc dull characteristic erosion   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
FC iadc dull characteristic flat crested wear   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
HC iadc dull characteristic heat checking   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
JD iadc dull characteristic junk damage   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
LC iadc dull characteristic lost cone   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
LN iadc dull characteristic lost nozzle   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
LT iadc dull characteristic lost teeth/cutters   POSC epicentre 2.1 current

material_class

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identifier naming _system description parent _class source version status
NR iadc dull characteristic not rerunnable   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
OC iadc dull characteristic off center wear   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
PB iadc dull characteristic pinched bit   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
PN iadc dull characteristic plugged nozzle   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
RG iadc dull characteristic rounded gauge   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
RO iadc dull characteristic ring out   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
RR iadc dull characteristic rerunnable   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
SD iadc dull characteristic shirttail damage   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
SS iadc dull characteristic self sharpening wear   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
TR iadc dull characteristic tracking   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
WO iadc dull characteristic washed out bit   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
WT iadc dull characteristic worn teeth/cutters   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
NO iadc dull characteristic no dull characteristics   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
A iadc feature available Air application, which identifies a bit specifically for applications with air as the drilling fluid.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
B iadc feature available Special bearing seal, with a seal configuration which provides special application advantages such as high RPM capability.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
C iadc feature available center jet: Larger diameter bits are sometimes equipped with center jets to provide a more uniform distribution of flow and hydraulic energy dissipation beneath the bit. Almost all extended nozzle bits have center jets to provide a beneficial tooth cleaning action that might otherwise be lost by concentrating all of the hydraulic energy on the bottomhole. Some manufacturers use diffuser-type center jets while others use standard rock bit jet nozzles.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
D iadc feature available Deviation control, with a cutting structure specifically designed to minimize deviation.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
E iadc feature available Extended jets (nozzles) are used mainly on soft formation bits for improved bottomhole cuttings removal. Higher jet impact energy is delivered to the hole bottom by extended jets. Extended jets are generally available on bits larger than 9.5 inches. Miniature extended jets are not included in the "E" designation.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
G iadc feature available Gage/body protection, which has welded tungsten carbide deposits (hardfacing) or carbide inserts added to the shirttail to protect the seal and/or body in special applications such as geothermal and directional drilling.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
H iadc feature available Horizontal/steering application: dDesigned specifically for horizontal and steerable applications.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current

material_class

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identifier naming _system description parent _class source version status
J iadc feature available Jet deflection bits are used for making trajectory changes where the formations are soft enough to be fluid-eroded. Such bits usually contain two standard jet nozzles and one large jet nozzle and can be oriented to preferentially excavate the hole in a desired direction.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
L iadc feature available Lug pads, which are steel pads with tungsten carbide inserts applied to the bit body. These pads generally are very close to gage diameter.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
M iadc feature available Motor application, which are specifically designed for application on downhole motors.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
S iadc feature available Standard steel tooth model   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
T iadc feature available Two-cone bits, which are relatively uncommon but sometimes utilized for obtaining an acceptable combination of deviation control and penetration rate.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
W iadc feature available Enhanced cutting structure   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
X iadc feature available Predominantly chisel tooth insert   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
Y iadc feature available Conical tooth insert   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
Z iadc feature available Other shape inserts   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
C iadc wear location cone   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
N iadc wear location nose (row)   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
T iadc wear location taper   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
S iadc wear location shoulder   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
G iadc wear location gauge   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
A iadc wear location all areas/rows   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
M iadc wear location middle row   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
H iadc wear location heel row   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
0 iadc wear or condition scale No life used.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
1 iadc wear or condition scale 1 in the linear scale 0 - 8 measuring bearing wear.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
2 iadc wear or condition scale 2 in the linear scale 0 - 8 measuring bearing wear.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current

material_class

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identifier naming _system description parent _class source version status
3 iadc wear or condition scale 3 in the linear scale 0 - 8 measuring bearing wear.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
4 iadc wear or condition scale Fifty percent bearing wear.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
5 iadc wear or condition scale 5 in the linear scale 0 - 8 measuring bearing wear.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
6 iadc wear or condition scale 6 in the linear scale 0 - 8 measuring bearing wear.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
7 iadc wear or condition scale 7 in the linear scale 0 - 8 measuring bearing wear.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
8 iadc wear or condition scale All life used, i.e., no bearing life remaining.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
E iadc wear or condition scale Seals effective.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
F iadc wear or condition scale Seals failed.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
N iadc wear or condition scale Not able to grade.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
X iadc wear or condition scale Fixed cutter bit.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
0 iadc wear scale No loss of tooth height or no inserts/cutters lost, worn or broken.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
1 iadc wear scale 1 in the linear scale 0 - 8 measuring tooth, insert or cutter damage.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
2 iadc wear scale 2 in the linear scale 0 - 8 measuring tooth, insert or cutter damage.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
3 iadc wear scale 3 in the linear scale 0 - 8 measuring tooth, insert or cutter damage.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
4 iadc wear scale Fifty percent tooth, insert or cutter damage.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
5 iadc wear scale 5 in the linear scale 0 - 8 measuring tooth, insert or cutter damage.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
6 iadc wear scale 6 in the linear scale 0 - 8 measuring tooth, insert or cutter damage.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
7 iadc wear scale 7 in the linear scale 0 - 8 measuring tooth, insert or cutter damage.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
8 iadc wear scale Total loss of tooth height or all inserts/cutters lost, worn and/or broken.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
near bit stabilizer classification A stabilizer with two box connections. This allows it to be connected directly to the bit and minimizes the offset to the bladed section contact point. (PIDD 1/25/93 #P0002101, modified)   POSC epicentre 2.1 current

material_class

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identifier naming _system description parent _class source version status
string stabilizer classification A stabilizer which has one box and one pin connection. Usually installed at appropriate intervals along the BHA to satisfy bottom hole assembley design requirements. (PIDD 1/25/93 P0002101, modified)   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
rotating blade stabilizer classification Stabilizer with the largest outside diameter sections composed of narrow blades extending from the stabilizer body; eg., welded blade, replaceable blade, integral blade.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
nonrotating blade stabilizer classification Stabilizer used to center drillstem in the borehole without reaming the borehold. Stabilizer ribs, usually of rubber, will not wear out rapidly since rotation occurs between sleeve and a mandrel.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
full body, spiral grooved stabilizer classification Full gauge long stabilizer with sets of spiral grooves cut along the full body length.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
round fluted stabilizer classification Round integral blade stabilizer milled and machined from a solid forging to produce flutes and grooves on the outer diameter.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
internal drill pipe upset The thickness has been increased internally, reducing the inside diameter, without affecting the outside diameter.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
external drill pipe upset The thickness has been incresed externally, increasing the outside diameter, without affecting the inside diameter.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
internal-external drill pipe upset The thickness has been increased both internally and externally by increasing the outside diameter and reducing the inside diameter.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
earthquake frequency frequency range The equipment is designed to operate at seismic frequencies below 3 Hz.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
seismic low frequency frequency range The equipment is designed to operate at seismic frequencies between 3 Hz and 60 Hz.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
seismic high frequency frequency range The equipment is designed to operate at seismic frequencies up to 200 Hz.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
midrange frequency frequency range The equipment is designed to operate at elastic wave frequencies from 250 Hz to 40,000 Hz.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
high frequency frequency range The equipment is designed to operate at elastic wave frequencies above 30,000 Hz.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
eonothem chronostratigraphic unit The highest ranking unit of chronostratigraphic classification. Eonothem is comprised of the strata deposited during a geochronologic eon.   POSC epicentre 2.2 provisional
erathem chronostratigraphic unit The second highest ranking unit of classification of chronostratigraphic systems. Erathem corresponds to the strata deposited during a geochronologic era.   POSC epicentre 2.2 provisional
system chronostratigraphic unit The third highest ranking unit of chronostratigraphic classification. A system corresponds to the strata deposited during a geochronologic period.   POSC epicentre 2.2 provisional
series chronostratigraphic unit A minor ranking unit of chronostratigraphic classification; a series corresponds to the strata deposited during a geochronologic epoch.   POSC epicentre 2.2 provisional
stage chronostratigraphic unit A minor ranking unit of chronostratigraphic classification; a series corresponds to the strata deposited during a geochronologic epoch.   POSC epicentre 2.2 provisional
substage chronostratigraphic unit An informal, minor ranking unit of chronostratigraphic classification; a substage is a subdivision of a stage, characterized by some unifying characteristic.   POSC epicentre 2.2 provisional
megasequence sequence stratigraphic unit A rock body, characterized by its position within an historical model of sedimentary depositional systems. Megasequences contain sequences.   POSC epicentre 2.2 provisional

material_class

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identifier naming _system description parent _class source version status
sequence sequence stratigraphic unit A body of rock that is unified by their relatively conformable depositonal succession and bounded at the top and base by unconformities or their correlative conformities.   POSC epicentre 2.2 provisional
boulder grain size Grain size greater than 256 mm.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
cobble grain size Grain size bigger than 64 mm and smaller than 256 mm.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
pebble grain size Grain size bigger than 4 mm and smaller than 64 mm.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
granule grain size Grain size bigger than 2 mm and smaller than 4 mm.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
very coarse sand grain size Grain size bigger than 1 mm and smaller than 2 mm.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
coarse sand grain size Grain size bigger than .5 mm and smaller than 1 mm.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
medium sand grain size Grain size bigger than .25 mm and smaller than .5 mm.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
fine sand grain size Grain size bigger than .125 mm and smaller than .25 mm.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
very fine sand grain size Grain size bigger than .062 mm and smaller than .125 mm.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
silt grain size Grain size bigger than .020 mm and smaller than .062 mm.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
mudstone carbonate texture Dunham Depositional texture is recognizable, the original components were not bound together during deposition, with mud support of the carbonate grains and less than 10% carbonate grains total.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
wackestone carbonate texture Dunham Depositional texture is recognizable, the original components were not bound together during deposition, with mud support of the carbonate grains and more than 10% carbonate grains total.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
packstone carbonate texture Dunham Depositional texture is recognizable, the original components were not bound together during deposition, with grain support of the carbonate grains and an observable fraction of mud.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
grainstone carbonate texture Dunham Depositional texture is recognizable, the original components were not bound together during deposition, with grain support of the carbonate grains and no observable fraction of mud.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
boundstone carbonate texture Dunham Depositional texture is recognizable and the original components were bound together during deposition.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
crystalline carbonate texture Dunham Depositional texture is not recognizable.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
micrite carbonate type Folk A semiopaque crystalline matrix of limestone. A limestone classified as micrite has crystals less than 4 microns in size. There is no genetic implication.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
dismicrite carbonate type Folk A fine-textured limestone with less than 1% allochems, consisting mainly of lithified carbonate mud.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
sparry allochemical limestone carbonate type Folk A limestone with sparry calcite cement more abundant than micritic cement and allochems greater than 1%.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current

material_class

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identifier naming _system description parent _class source version status
micritic allochemical limestone carbonate type Folk A limestone with micritic cement more abundant than sparry calcite cement, and allochems greater than 1%.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
biolithite carbonate type Folk A limestone constructed by organisms that grew and remained in place, characterized by a rigid framework of carbonate material that binds allochem grains and skeletal elements.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
intrasparite carbonate type Folk A sparry allochemical limestone in which the grains are predominantly intraclasts.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
oosparite carbonate type Folk A sparry allochemical limestone in which the grains are predominantly ooids.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
biosparite carbonate type Folk A sparry allochemical limestone in which the grains are predominantly skeletal grains.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
pelsparite carbonate type Folk A sparry allochemical limestone in which the grains are predominantly peloids   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
intramicrite carbonate type Folk A micritic allochemical limestone in which the grains are predominantly intraclasts.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
oomicrite carbonate type Folk A micritic allochemical limestone in which the grains are predominantly ooids.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
biomicrite carbonate type Folk A micritic allochemical limestone in which the grains are predominantly skeletal grains.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
pelmicrite carbonate type Folk A micritic allochemical limestone in which the grains are predominantly peloids   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
non-skeletal grain carbonate grain type A carbonate grain that is not obviously derived from the skeletal material of micro-organisms, invertebrates, or the thalli of calcareous plants.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
coated grain carbonate grain type non-skeletal carbonate grains that evidence a one or more series of coatings around a central core. Includes ooids, pisoids, and oncoids. non-skeletal grain POSC epicentre 2.1 current
ooid carbonate grain type A coated grain with a calcareous cortex and a nucleus which is variable in composition. The cortex is smoothly and evenly laminated eqpecially in its outer parts. They are typically sphecical or ellipsoidal in shape. Obvious biogenetic structures are lacking. Classification as an ooid is indicative, but is not meant to imply, abiogenic origin. An ooid is less than 2mm in size. coated grain POSC epicentre 2.1 current
pisoid carbonate grain type A pisoid is applied to a grain that has the characteristics of an ooid, but is > 2 mm in size. coated grain POSC epicentre 2.1 current
oncoid carbonate grain type A coated grain with a calcareous cortex of irregular, partially overlapping laminae. They are typically irregular in shape. They may exhibit biogenic structures. An oncoid is indicative, but is not meant to imply, biogenic origin. coated grain POSC epicentre 2.1 current
peloid carbonate grain type A non-sekletal grain, internally structureless, and irregular in shape. A peloid is generally, but not always, of faecal origin. non-skeletal grain POSC epicentre 2.1 current
grain aggregate carbonate grain type An aggregate of several carbonate particles that have become bound and cemented together. Examples are grapestones and lumps. non-skeletal grain POSC epicentre 2.1 current
carbonate clast carbonate grain type Reworked carbonate fragments of at least partly consolidated carbonate sediments. non-skeletal grain POSC epicentre 2.1 current
carbonate intraclast carbonate grain type A carbonate clast that has remained in its original area of deposition carbonate clast POSC epicentre 2.1 current
carbonate extraclast carbonate grain type A carbonate clast that is recognizedly removed from its original area of deposition. carbonate clast POSC epicentre 2.1 current

material_class

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identifier naming _system description parent _class source version status
skeletal grain carbonate grain type A carbonate grain that is clearly of skeletal origin. Examples are shells, corals, and sponges. The skeletal grain type is often classified by its dominant fossil type.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
calcareous algae fossil type A group of algae that precipitate calcium carbonate from the shallow water where they live, and deposit it in a more or less solid carbonate structure.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
foraminifera fossil type Protozoans of subclass Sarcodina, order Foraminifera, characterized by the presence of a test of one to many chambers composed of secreted calcite (rarely silica or aragonite) or of agglutinated particles.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
sponge fossil type A many-celled invertebrate, phylum Porifera, characterized by an internal skeleton composed most frequently of opaline silica, and less commonly of calcium carbonate.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
coelenterate fossil type Any multi-celled invertebrate animal, solitary or colonial, of phylum Coelenterata, characterized by a body wall of two layers of cells connected by a structureless mesoglea, and a single opening for ingestion and egestion.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
stromatoporoid fossil type Any of a group of extinct sessile benthic marine organisms, which secret a calcareous skeleton, generally tens of centimeters across, of tabular, encrusting, dendroidal, domal, or bulbous form. coelenterate POSC epicentre 2.1 current
milleporoid fossil type Any of a group of hydrozoans, order Milleporina, characterized by a calcareous skeleton, and free-swimming sexual individuals. coelenterate POSC epicentre 2.1 current
rugose fossil type Any zoantharian belonging to the order Rugosa, characterized by calcareous corallites that may be solitary and cone-shaped or cylindrical, curved or erect, compound and branching, or massive. coelenterate POSC epicentre 2.1 current
tabulate fossil type Coral characterized by prominent tabulae. coelenterate POSC epicentre 2.1 current
scleractinian fossil type Any zoantharian coelenterate, order Scleractinia, characterized by solitary and colonial forms with calcareous exoskeletons secreted by the ectoderm. coelenterate POSC epicentre 2.1 current
alcyonarian fossil type Any coral, subclass Alcyonaria, colonial forms with eight pinnate tentacles, an endoskeleton, and eight complete septa. coelenterate POSC epicentre 2.1 current
bryozoan fossil type An invertebrate, phylum Bryozoa, characterized chiefly by colonial growth, a calcareous skeleton, and a U-shaped alimentary canal with mouth and anus.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
brachiopod fossil type Any solitary marine invertebrate belonging to the phylum Brachiopoda, characterized by a lophophore and by two bilaterally summetrical valves that may be calcareous or chitinase and are commonly attached to a substratum.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
mollusk fossil type A solitary invertebrate, phylum Mollusca, characterized by a nonsegmented body that is bilaterally symmetrical and by a radially or biradially symmetrical mantle or shell.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
chiton fossil type An invertebrate marine molluscan, the shell of which consists of eight overlapping calcareous valves or plates. mollusk POSC epicentre 2.1 current
bivalve fossil type Having a shell composed of two distinct and usually movable valves, equal or subequal, that open and shut. mollusk POSC epicentre 2.1 current
gastropod fossil type Any mollusk, class Gastropoda, characterized by a distinct head with eyes and tentacles and, in most, by a single calcareous shell that is closed at the apex, sometimes spiralled, and generally asymmetrical. E.g., a snail. mollusk POSC epicentre 2.1 current
pteropod fossil type Belonging to the order Pteropoda, which includes pelagic forms sometimes with shells. The shells are generally conical and composed of aragonite. mollusk POSC epicentre 2.1 current
cephalopod fossil type An mollusk, class Cephalopoda, characterized by a definite head, with the mouth surrounded by part of the foot, that is modified with tentacles or armlike processes with hooklets or suckers or both. E.g., nautiloids and aminoids. mollusk POSC epicentre 2.1 current
serpulid fossil type Any annelid, family Serpulidae, that characteristically builds a contorted calcareous or leathery tube on a submerged surface.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current

material_class

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identifier naming _system description parent _class source version status
arthropod fossil type Any animal of phylum Arthropoda, characterized by jointed appendages and segmented bodies. E.g., trilobites, crabs, crustaceans.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
echinoderm fossil type Any solitary marine benthic (rarely pelagic) invertebrate, phylum Echinodermata, characterized by radial symmetry, an endoskeleton formed of plates or ossicles composed of crystalline calcite, and a water vascular system.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
matrix carbonate grain type Fine-grained calcite crystals that constitute the matrix of carbonate rocks.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
radial coated grain microfabric Fibrous or bladed crystals or aragonite, low magnesium calcite, or high magnesium calcite whose axes are radial to the center.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
tangential coated grain microfabric Aragonite or calcite grains whose long axes are parallel to the ooid laminae.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
random coated grain microfabric Equant or randomly oriented crystals within the laminae.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
cryptocrystalline micrite grain size Crystals from 1 to 4 micrometers.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
very finely crystalline micrite grain size Crystals from 4 to 16 micrometers.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
finely crystalline micrite grain size Crystals from 16 to 62 micrometers.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
medium crystalline micrite grain size Crystals from 62 to 250 micrometers.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
coarsely crystalline micrite grain size Crystals from 250 to 1000 micrometers.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
very coarsely crystalline micrite grain size Crystals from 1 to 4 millimeters.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
extremely coarsely crystalline micrite grain size Crystals greater than 4 millimeters.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
1 standard microfacies Spiculite. Dark clayey mudstone or wackestone, organic rich, or siliceous spiculitic calcisiltite. Spicules usually oriented, generally siliceous monaxons, commonly replaced by calcite. The interpreted environment is basinal, deep water.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
2 standard microfacies Microbioclastic calcisiltite. Small bioclasts and peloids in very fine-grained grainstone or packstone; small scale ripple cross-lamination. The interpreted environment is open sea shelf near the lower slope, deeper shelf margin.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
3 standard microfacies Pelagic mudstone and wackestone. Micritic matrix containing scattered pelagic microfossils or megafauna (e.g. graptolites or thin-shelled bivalve fragments. The interpreted environment is basinal, deep-water or open sea shelf near the lower slope, deeper shelf margin.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
4 standard microfacies Microbreccia or bioclastic - lithoclastic packstone. Rounded grains, often graded. Polymict or monomict in origin. Also quartz, cherts, and carbonate detritus. The interpreted environment is fore-slope talus; resedimented limestones.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
5 standard microfacies Grainstone - packstone or floatstone with bioclasts of reef. Geopetal sediments. The interpreted environment is reef flank facies.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
6 standard microfacies Reef rudstone; no matrix material. The interpreted environment is fore-reef slope, debris from the reef; commonly in high-energy zone.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
7 standard microfacies Boundstone. Subtypes of framestone, bindstone, or bafflestone. The interpreted environment is reef, often found on platform margins.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current

material_class

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identifier naming _system description parent _class source version status
8 standard microfacies Wackestone with whole organisms. Wellppreserved infauna and epifauna. The interpreted environment is shelf lagoon with circulation; low-energy water below normal wavebase.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
9 standard microfacies Bioclastic wackestone or bioclastic micrite. Fragments of diverse organisms, bioturbated. bioclasts may be micritized. The interpreted environment is shallow waters with open circulation close to wave-base.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
10 standard microfacies Packstone - wackestone with coated and abraded bioclasts. The interpreted environment is textural inversion; cominant particles from high-energy environment have moved down local slopes to low-energy settings.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
11 standard microfacies Grainstones with coated bioclasts, in sparry cement. The interpreted environment is winnowed platform edge sands; areas with constant wave action at or above wave-base.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
12 standard microfacies Coquina, bioclastic packstone, grainstone or rudstone with concentrations of organisms. Certain types of organisms dominate (e.g. dasyclads, sheels, or crinoids. The interpreted environment is slopes and shelf edges.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
13 standard microfacies Oncoid (biosparite) grainstone. The interpreted environment is moderately high-energy areas, very shallow water.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
14 standard microfacies Lags. Coated with rounded particles, in places mixed with ooids and peloids. May be blackened and iron-stained with phosphate; lithoclasts; usually thin beds. The interpreted environment is slow accumulation of coarse material in zone of winnowing.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
15 standard microfacies Oolites of well-sorted ooids; fabric usually overpacked; always cross-bedded. The interpreted environment is high-energy environment on oolite shoals, beaches, and tidal bars.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
16 standard microfacies Grainstone with peloids. Probably faecal pellets, in places admixed with concentrated ostracode tests or forminifera. The interpreted environment is shallow water with only moderate water circulation.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
17 standard microfacies Grapestone, pelsparite, or grainstone with aggregate grains, isolated and agglutinated peloids, some coated grains. The interpreted environment is shelf with restricted water circulation and tidal flats.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
18 standard microfacies Foraminiferal or dasycladacean grainstones. The interpreted environment is tidal bars and channels of lagoons.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
19 standard microfacies Fenestral, laminated mudstone - wackestone, grading occasionally into pelsparite with fenestral fabrics. Ostracodes and peloids, sporadic forminifera, gastropods, and algae. The interpreted environment is restricted bays and ponds.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
20 standard microfacies Microbial stromatolite mudstone. The interpreted environment is commonest in the interdal zone.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
21 standard microfacies Spongiostrome mudstone. Convolute microbial fabric in fine-grained micrite lime mud sediment. The interpreted environment is tidal ponds.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
22 standard microfacies Micrite with large oncoids, wackestone, or floatstone. The interpreted environment is low-energy environments, shallow water, back-reef; oftgen on the edges of ponds or channels.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
23 standard microfacies Unlaminated, homogeneous unfossiliferous pure micrite; evaporitic minerals may occur. The interpreted environment is hypersaline tidal ponds.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
24 standard microfacies rudstone or floatstone with coarse lithoclasts and bioclasts. Clasts usually consist of unfossiliferous micrite; may be imbricated and cross-bedded; matrix sparse. The interpreted environment is lag deposit in tidal channels.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
sandstone POSC sedimentary material At least 50% clastic, with sand sized grains predominating.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
siltstone or claystone POSC sedimentary material At least 75% clastic, with silt and/or clay size particles being at least 90% of the clastic material.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
limestone or dolomite POSC sedimentary material At least 75% carbonate (limestone or dolomite) grains.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current

material_class

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identifier naming _system description parent _class source version status
arenite POSC sedimentary material Generally well-sorted sandstone, with 90% of the clastic grains being of sand size. Less than 25% calcareous material.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
wacke POSC sedimentary material A sandstone with more than 10% of the clastic grains being silt or smaller size. Generally not well sorted. Less than 25 calcareous material.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
sandy siltstone or claystone POSC sedimentary material A siltstone or claystone with more than 10% of the clastic material being sand size. Less than 25% calcareous material.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
calcareous siltstone or claystone POSC sedimentary material Silt or clay size particles dominate the clastic material. Between 25% and 50% of the total materials are carbonates.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
calcareous sandstone POSC sedimentary material A sandstone with between 25% and 50% calcareous material.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
sandy limestone or dolomite POSC sedimentary material Between 50% and 75% of the grains are carbonates, with at least half of the clastics being sand size or larger.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
argillaceous limestone or dolomite POSC sedimentary material Between 50% and 75% of the grains are carbonates, with at least half of the clastics being silt size or smaller.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
shale POSC sedimentary material A siltstone or claystone that shows fissility.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
sandy shale POSC sedimentary material A sandy siltstone or claystone that shows fissility.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
shaly sand POSC sedimentary material A wacke which contains fissile silts and clays.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
very well sorted degree of sorting The predominant grains are all in one class   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
well sorted degree of sorting The predominant grains vary over 2 or 3 classes.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
moderately sorted degree of sorting The predominant grains vary over 4 or 5 classes.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
poorly sorted degree of sorting The predominant grains vary over 6 or 7 classes.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
very poorly sorted degree of sorting The predominant grains vary over more than 7 classes.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
very angular degree of rounding The least rounded classification.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
angular degree of rounding More worn than very angular, but less worn than sub-angular.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
sub-angular degree of rounding More worn than angular, but less worn than sub-rounded.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
sub-rounded degree of rounding More worn than sub-angular, but less worn than rounded.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
rounded degree of rounding More worn than sub-rounded, but less worn than well-rounded.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current

material_class

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identifier naming _system description parent _class source version status
well-rounded degree of rounding The most rounded class.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
solid physical state A material which maintains a definite volume (low compressibility) and shape.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
liquid physical state A material which maintains a definite volume (low compressibility), but flows to take the shape of its container.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
gas physical state A material which is highly compressible, and generally fills its container.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
C1 hydrocarbon fluid constituent The single carbon constituents (methane) of a hydrocarbon fluid.   POSC epicentre 3.0 current
C2 hydrocarbon fluid constituent The two carbon constituents (ethane, ethene, ethylene) of a hydrocarbon fluid.   POSC epicentre 3.0 current
C3 hydrocarbon fluid constituent The three carbon constituents (propane, propene, propylene) of a hydrocarbon fluid.   POSC epicentre 3.0 current
C4 hydrocarbon fluid constituent The four carbon constituents of a hydrocarbon fluid.   POSC epicentre 3.0 current
C5 hydrocarbon fluid constituent The five carbon constituents of a hydrocarbon fluid.   POSC epicentre 3.0 current
C6 hydrocarbon fluid constituent The six carbon constituents, including ring compounds, of a hydrocarbon fluid.   POSC epicentre 3.0 current
C7+ hydrocarbon fluid constituent The seven and higher carbon constituents of a hydrocarbon fluid.   POSC epicentre 3.0 current
contaminants hydrocarbon fluid constituent The non-hydrocarbon constituents of a hydrocarbon fluid.   POSC epicentre 3.0 current
fluid fluid characterization A material which flows. Gases and liquids are fluids. A fluid generally has no shear strength. The distinction between a solid and a fluid is not always sharp.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
rheid fluid characterization A highly viscous fluid. Specifically, a substance (below its melting point) which deforms by viscous flow during the time of applied stress at an order of magnitude at least three times that of elastic deformation under similar conditions.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
water reservoir fluid type An aqueous fluid containing varying amounts of dissolved material. fluid POSC epicentre 2.1 current
produced water reservoir fluid type A fluid which is primarily composed of formation water. water POSC epicentre 2.1 current
steam reservoir fluid type The gas phase of water.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
salt water reservoir fluid type Water with an appreciable amount of salt, generally sodium ions, contained in. water POSC epicentre 2.1 current
air reservoir fluid type A gas which is approximately 80 percent nitrogen, and 20 oxygen by volume. When referring to a drilling fluid (air drilling) natural gas may be the circulation fluid.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
natural gas reservoir fluid type Any hydrocarbon normally injected or produced in gaseous form from a well, which at atmospheric conditions of temperature and pressure are in a gaseous phase.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current

material_class

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identifier naming _system description parent _class source version status
produced gas reservoir fluid type A fluid which is primarily composed of hydrocarbons that exist as gases at surface conditions. natural gas POSC epicentre 2.1 current
oil reservoir fluid type Crude petroleum oil and other hydrocarbons regardless of gravity which are produced at the wellhead in liquid form and the liquid hydrocarbons known as distillate or condensate recovered or extracted from gas, other than gas produced in association with oil and commonly known as casinghead gas.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
produced oil reservoir fluid type A fluid which is primarily composed of hydrocarbons that exist as liquids at surface conditions. oil POSC epicentre 2.1 current
crude oil reservoir fluid type Any liquid hydrocarbon fluid produced normally from a well, excluding fluid produced in association with natural gas in a gas well. It is to be distinguished from refined oils that are manufactured from it. oil POSC epicentre 2.1 current
abandoned oil reservoir fluid type Waste oil permitted by an operator to escape from tanks or other storage facilities after production. oil POSC epicentre 2.1 current
casinghead gas reservoir fluid type Gas produced with oil in oil wells, the gas being taken from the well through the casinghead at the top of the well, as distinguished from gas produced in a gas well. produced gas POSC epicentre 2.1 current
associated gas reservoir fluid type Gas occurring in the form of a gas cap associated with an oil zone. natural gas POSC epicentre 2.1 current
gas lift gas reservoir fluid type Gas injected near the well completion for the purpose of lifting oil. The gas does not leave the wellbore, and it tends to lift the oil as it makes its way back to the surface. natural gas POSC epicentre 2.1 current
coalbed gas reservoir fluid type Gas contained in and emitted from coal deposits. natural gas POSC epicentre 2.1 current
natural gas liquid reservoir fluid type Hydrocarbons found in natural gas which have been liquefied at the surface in field facilities or in gas processing plants. They include, but are not limited to: ethane, propane, normal butane, isobutane, pentanes, debutanized natural gasoline, and plant condensate not recovered by mechanical separation.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
condensate reservoir fluid type Liquid hydrocarbons recovered by conventional surface spearators from gas produced from a condensate gas reservoir. Condensate, as generally defined by fifteen states, is the liquid hydrocarbons recovered at the surface that results from condensation of petroleum hydrocarbons existing initially in a gaseous phase in an underground reservoir.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
injected water injected materials A fluid which is primarily composed of water and is used primarily for injection into formations.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
chemical slug injected materials A fluid that is composed of specialized chemical components and is injected into a formation.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
radioactive tracer injected materials A fluid that contains radioactive components used to track the movement of the fluid.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
element chemical classification A fundamental substance that consists of atoms of only one kind and that singly or in combination constitute all matter. (Webster's 9th New Collegiate Dictionary)   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
compound chemical classification A distinct substance formed by chemical union of two or more ingredients in definite proportion by weight. (Webster's 9th New Collegiate Dictionary)   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
solution chemical classification A homogeneous mixture formed when a solid, liquid, or gaseous substance is mixed with a liquid or sometimes a gas or solid. (Webster's 9th New Collegiate Dictionary)   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
isomer chemical classification A compound, radical, or ion that contains the same number of atoms of the same elements but differ in the structural arrangement and properties. (Webster's 9th New Collegiate Dictionary)   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
Type 1 van Krevelen A type of organic material characterized by high H/C ratios (commonly 1.5 or more) and low O/C ratios (generally less than 0.1) and tend to generate oil. Generally from marine algal material or severe biodegradation of other organic material.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
Type 2 van Krevelen A type of organic material characterized by moderately high H/C ratios (generally less than 1.5) and moderately low O/C ratios (generally less than .2). Generally forms from marine plankton and microorganisms deposited in a reducing environment.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current

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identifier naming _system description parent _class source version status
Type 3 van Krevelen A type of organic material characterized by low H/C ratios (generally less than 1.0) and high O/C ratios (as high as 0.2 or 0.3). Is derived essentially from continental plants and contains much identifiable vegetal debris.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
exinite coal maceral group A coal maceral group derived from spores, cuticular matter, resins, and waxes. It is relatively rich in hydrogen.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
inertinite coal maceral group A coal maceral group, characterized by a relatively high carbon content, and a reflectance highter than that of vitrinite.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
vitrinite coal maceral group A coal maceral group distinguished by a middle level of reflectance, higher than exinite and lower than inertinite. It is characteristic of vitrain and is composed of humic material.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
native elements mineral class This class contains mineral that are elements in an uncombined, native state. The class includes minerals from the gold group, the platinum group, and the iron group.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
sulfides mineral class This class of minerals is characterized by metals coordinated around sulfur atoms in tetrahedral or octahedral form.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
sulfarsenides mineral class This class of minerals is characterized by metals coordinated around sulfur and arsenic atoms in tetrahedral or octahedral form.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
arsenides mineral class This class of minerals is characterized by metals coordinated around arsenic atoms in tetrahedral or octahedral form.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
telluride mineral class This class of minerals is characterized by metals coordinated around tellurium atoms in tetrahedral or octahedral form.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
sulfosalt mineral class A class of mineral distinct from sulfides due to the metal-like role that As or Sb plays in their structure.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
oxides mineral class This group is made up of minerals containing one or more minerals combined with oxygen.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
hydroxides mineral class All structures in this group are characterized by the presence of the hydroxyl (OH)- group, or H20 molecules.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
halides mineral class The chemical class of halides is characterized by the dominance of the electronegative halogen ions, Cl-, Br-, F-, and I-.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
carbonates mineral class This class is characterized by a anionic, triangular (CO3)-2 groups.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
nitrates mineral class This class is characterized by a plane, triangular (NO3)-1 group.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
borates mineral class This class is characterized by a plane, triangular (BO3) group capable of polymerization into chains, sheets and isolated multiple groups.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
sulfates mineral class This class is characterized by a anionic tetrahedra containing a (SO4)-2 group.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
chromates mineral class This class is characterized by a anionic tetrahedra containing a (CrO4)-2 group.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
tungstates mineral class This class is characterized by a flattened tetrahedra with a square outline containing a (WO4)-2 group.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
molybdates mineral class This class is characterized by a flattened tetrahedra with a square outline containing a (MoO4)-2 group.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current

material_class

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identifier naming _system description parent _class source version status
phosphates mineral class This class is characterized by a anionic tetrahedra containing a (PO4)-3 group.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
arsenates mineral class This class is characterized by a anionic tetrahedra containing a (AsO4)-3 group.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
vanadates mineral class This class is characterized by a anionic tetrahedra containing a (VO4)-3 group.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
nesosilicates mineral class This class is characterized by isolated tetrahedra bound together only by ionic bonds from interstitial cations. Also called orthosilicates.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
sorosilicates mineral class This class is characterized by isolated, double tetrahedral groups formed by two SiO4 tetrahedra sharing a single apical oxygen.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
cyclosilicates mineral class This class is characterized by rings of linked SiO4 tetrahedra with a ration of Si to O of 1 to 3. Also called ring silicates.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
single chain inosilicates mineral class This class is characterized by an indefinitely extended chains of SiO4 tetrahedra, with 2 of the 4 oxygens in each tetrahedra being shared with neighboring tetrahedra.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
double chain inosilicates mineral class This class is characterized by an indefinitely extended bands of SiO4 tetrahedra, with an alternating pattern of 2 and 3 oxygens in each tetrahedra being shared with neighboring tetrahedra.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
phyllosilicates mineral class This class is characterized by an indefinitely extended sheet of SiO4 tetrahedra, with 3 of the 4 oxygens in each tetrahedra being shared with neighboring tetrahedra. Also called sheet silicates.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
tectosilicates mineral class Minerals in this class are characterized by a three-dimensional framework of linked SiO4 tetrahedra in which all the oxygen ions in each tetrahedra are shared with neighboring tetrahedra.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
water based mud API drilling fluid A type of drilling fluid characterized by its use of water as the primary solvent.   POSC epicentre 2.2 current
non-dispersed API drilling fluid These systems include spud muds, natural muds, and other lightly treated systems generally used for shallow wells or top-hole drilling. Thinners and dispersants are not added to disperse drill solids and clay particles. water based mud POSC epicentre 2.2 current
dispersed API drilling fluid At greater depths, where higher densities are required, or where hole conditions may be probaematic, muds are often dispersed, typically with lignosulfonates, lignites, or tannins. These and similar products are effective deflocculants and filtrate reducers. Potassium-containing chemicals are frequently used to provide greater shale inhibition. Specialized chemicals are also added to adjust or maintain specific mud properties. water based mud POSC epicentre 2.2 current
calcium treated API drilling fluid A system with divalent cations such as calcium or magnesium have been added to inhibit formation clay and shale swelling. water based mud POSC epicentre 2.2 current
polymer API drilling fluid Muds incorporating generally long-chain, high molicular-weight polymers. The are utilized to encapsulate drill solids to prevent dispersion and to coat shales for inhibition. They may also increase viscosity and reduce fluid loss. water based mud POSC epicentre 2.2 current
low solids API drilling fluid Systems in which the amount and type of solids are controlled. Total wolids should not range higher than 6% to 10% by volume. Clay solids should be some 3% or less and exhibit a ratio of drilled solids to bentonite of less than 2:1. water based mud POSC epicentre 2.2 current
saltwater systems API drilling fluid Saltwater muds are usually prepated from brackish, seawater, or produced-water sources. They generally have a chloride content of 10,000 to 190,000 mg/l. water based mud POSC epicentre 2.2 current
workover API drilling fluid Workover, completion, and drill-in fluids which are specialized systems designed to minimize formation damage or be used as packer fluids after completion operations. The impact of these systems to the productive formation must be capable of being reversed with remedial treatments. Systems consist of fluids which range from clear brines to polymer fluids to highly treated mud (packer) fluids. water based mud POSC epicentre 2.2 current
oil based mud API drilling fluid Oil-based systems are sued for a variety of applications where fluid stability and inhibition are necessary such as high-temperature wells, deep holes, and where sticking and hole stabilization is a problem.   POSC epicentre 2.2 current
invert emulsion mud API drilling fluid Water-in-oil emulsions typically with calcium chloride brine as the emulsified phase and oil as the continuous phase. They may contain as much as 50% brine in the liquid phase. oil based mud POSC epicentre 2.2 current

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identifier naming _system description parent _class source version status
synthetic mud API drilling fluid Synthetic fluids are designed to mirror oil-based mud performance without the environmental hazards. They can be discharged offshore and are non-sheening and biodegrabable. oil based mud POSC epicentre 2.2 current
air, mist, foam and gas API drilling fluid A specialized, reduced category for four basic operations. 1) Dry air drilling, 2) mist drilling (injecting a foaming agent into the air stream), 3) foam uses surfactants and possibly clays or polymers to form a high carrying capacity foad, and 4) aerated fluids, which rely on mud with injected air, which reduces the hydrostatic head.   POSC epicentre 2.2 current
alkalinity or pH control drilling fluid additive Products used to control the degree of acidity or alkalinity of a fluid. It includes lime, caustic soda, soda ash and sodium bicarbonate, as well as other acids and bases.   POSC epicentre 2.2 current
bactericide drilling fluid additive Products used to prevent bacterial degradation of natural organic additives. Examples are starch and xanthan gum.   POSC epicentre 2.2 current
calcium reducer drilling fluid additive Soda ash, sodium bicarbonate, caustic soda, and certain polyphosphates that are used to reduce calcium in seawater, treat cement contamination, and overcome contaminating effects of anhydrite and gypsum.   POSC epicentre 2.2 current
corrosion inhibitor drilling fluid additive Used to control corrosion, neutralize hazardous acid gases, and prevent scale in drilling fluids. Examples are amine- or phasphate-based products.   POSC epicentre 2.2 current
defoamer drilling fluid additive Designed to reduce foaming action, particularly in brackish and saturated saltwater muds.   POSC epicentre 2.2 current
emuslifier drilling fluid additive Create an emulsion of two insoluble liquids. These include fatty acids and amine-based chemicals for oil-based muds and detergents, soaps, organic acids and water-based surfactants for water-based muds.   POSC epicentre 2.2 current
filtrate reducer drilling fluid additive These reduce the tendency of the liquid phase to pass through the filtercake and into the formation. Examples are bentonite clays, lignite, CMS, polyacrylate, and pregelatinized starch.   POSC epicentre 2.2 current
flocculant drilling fluid additive Used to increase viscosity for improved hole cleaning, to increase bentonite yield, and to declarify or de-water low-solids fluids. Salt, hydrated lime, gypsum, soda ash, sodium bicarbonate, sodium tetraphosphate, and acrylamide-based polymers may be used to cause colloidal particles in suspension to flocculate, and settle out.   POSC epicentre 2.2 current
foaming agent drilling fluid additive Chemicals, most often, that also act as surfactants to foam in the presence of water.   POSC epicentre 2.2 current
lost circulation materials drilling fluid additive Additives used to plug the zone of loss back in the formation away from the borehole face so that subsequent operations will not reslult in additional drilling fluids loss.   POSC epicentre 2.2 current
lubricant drilling fluid additive Designed to reduce the coefficient of friction of drilling fluid which dexreases the torque and drag. Various oils, synthetic liquids, graphite, surfactants, glycols and glycerin, as well as other chemicals are examples.   POSC epicentre 2.2 current
pipe-freeing agent drilling fluid additive Additives such as detergents, soaps, oils, surfactants, that are intended to be spottend in an area of suspected pipe stickage to reduce friction and increase lubricity thereby freeing the stuck pipe.   POSC epicentre 2.2 current
shale control inhibitor drilling fluid additive Products that provide shale control by reducing shale hydration. Examples are soluble calcium and potassium, as well as inorganic salts and specially produced organic compounds.   POSC epicentre 2.2 current
surface active agents drilling fluid additive Also known as surfactants. They reduce interfacial tension between contacting surfaces. These may be emulsifiers, de-emulsifiers, wetting agents, flocculants, or deflocculants, depending on the surfaces involved.   POSC epicentre 2.2 current
temperature stability agent drilling fluid additive Products that increase rheological and filtration stability of drilling fluids exposed to high temperatures. Examples are acrylic polymers, sulfonated polymers and copolymers, and lignite, lignosulfonate and tannin-based additives.   POSC epicentre 2.2 current
dispersant drilling fluid additive Also called thinners. These chemicals modify the relationship between viscosity and percentage of solids in a drilling mud, and may be used, further, to reduce gel strength, increase a fluid's pumpability, etc. Examples are tannins, various polyphosphates, lignite and lignosulfonate materials.   POSC epicentre 2.2 current
viscosifier drilling fluid additive Bentonite, CMC, attapulgite clays, and polymers used to increase viscosity for better hole cleaning and suspension of solids.   POSC epicentre 2.2 current
weighting material drilling fluid additive Barite, lead compounds, iron oxieds, calcium carbonates, and similar products possessing high specific gravity that are used to control formation pressures, check formation caving, and facilitate pulling dry pipe.   POSC epicentre 2.2 current

material_class

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identifier naming _system description parent _class source version status
non-dispersed recommended additive system This drilling fluid additive is recommended for use in this drilling fluid system.   POSC epicentre 2.2 current
dispersed recommended additive system This drilling fluid additive is recommended for use in this drilling fluid system.   POSC epicentre 2.2 current
calcium treated recommended additive system This drilling fluid additive is recommended for use in this drilling fluid system.   POSC epicentre 2.2 current
polymer recommended additive system This drilling fluid additive is recommended for use in this drilling fluid system.   POSC epicentre 2.2 current
low solids recommended additive system This drilling fluid additive is recommended for use in this drilling fluid system.   POSC epicentre 2.2 current
saltwater systems recommended additive system This drilling fluid additive is recommended for use in this drilling fluid system.   POSC epicentre 2.2 current
workover recommended additive system This drilling fluid additive is recommended for use in this drilling fluid system.   POSC epicentre 2.2 current
oil based mud recommended additive system This drilling fluid additive is recommended for use in this drilling fluid system.   POSC epicentre 2.2 current
invert emulsion mud recommended additive system This drilling fluid additive is recommended for use in this drilling fluid system.   POSC epicentre 2.2 current
synthetic mud recommended additive system This drilling fluid additive is recommended for use in this drilling fluid system.   POSC epicentre 2.2 current
air, mist, foam and gas recommended additive system This drilling fluid additive is recommended for use in this drilling fluid system.   POSC epicentre 2.2 current
surfactants mud additive Deprecated. Use surface active agents.   POSC epicentre 2.2 deprecated
lignite mud additive Deprecated. Use classification defined by drilling fluid additives. A petroleum byproduct added as a mud thinner and water-loss control agent.   POSC epicentre 2.2 deprecated
phosphates mud additive Deprecated. An inorganic material added as a mud thinner. (Moore, "Drilling Practice Manual")   POSC epicentre 2.2 deprecated
chrome lingnosulfonates mud additive Deprecated. An organic material added as a mud thinner. (Moore, "Drilling Practice Manual")   POSC epicentre 2.2 deprecated
tannin mud additive Deprecated. A material added to high pH muds as a thinner. (Moore, "Drilling Practice Manual")   POSC epicentre 2.2 deprecated
acid mud additive Deprecated. A material of pH less than 7 used to increase the flow of liquids from a reservoir. (Manual of O & G Terms, 6th Ed.)   POSC epicentre 2.2 deprecated
alcohol mud additive Deprecated. An organic solvent used in miscible flood processes. (Manual of O & G Terms, 6th Ed.)   POSC epicentre 2.2 deprecated
polymers mud additive Deprecated. A material added to drilling fluid to increase viscosity.   POSC epicentre 2.2 deprecated
fabric selective carbonate pores and porous systems Pore systems which reflect the texture of the sedimentary matrix.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current

material_class

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identifier naming _system description parent _class source version status
interparticle carbonate pores and porous systems Pores are localized to spaces between sedimentary particles.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
intraparticle carbonate pores and porous systems Pores are localized to spaces within grains.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
intercrystalline carbonate pores and porous systems Pores are localized to spaces between mineralogic crystals.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
moldic carbonate pores and porous systems Pores derived from the dissolution of granualar materials.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
fenestral carbonate pores and porous systems Pore system takes on fenestral form. Pores derived from process of dehydration of laminated carbonate muds.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
shelter carbonate pores and porous systems Pores formed under shelter of large grains, such as pelecypod shell.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
growth-framework carbonate pores and porous systems Pores are localized to void spaces formed within the framework of a reef like structure, such as large open spaces within a coral head.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
not fabric selective carbonate pores and porous systems Pore systems which do not reflect the texture of the matrix material.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
fracture carbonate pores and porous systems The void space localized to mechanical fractures.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
channel carbonate pores and porous systems An interconnected void system which is derived from dissolution of the rock matrix. A channel may be derived from dissolution of certain sedimentary components and extens to the rock matrix.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
vug carbonate pores and porous systems An isolated void space within a rock matrix, which is typically derived from dissolution of certain sedimentary components and extens to the rock matrix.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
cavern carbonate pores and porous systems A very large pore, man-sized or larger, of channel or vug shape.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
breccia carbonate pores and porous systems Pores caused or localized to the confines of a plant or animal tunnel or boring into a solid material.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
burrow carbonate pores and porous systems Pores caused or localized to the confines of an animal burrow.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
shrinkage carbonate pores and porous systems Pores developed within a sedimentary structure caused by shrinkage of hyerated sediment during a dehydration process.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
micropore pore size Less than 1/16 mm. in diameter.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
mesopore pore size 1/16 mm - 4 mm in diameter.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
megapore pore size 4 mm - 256 mm in diameter.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
primary time of formation Hole created at the time of rock formation.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
pre-depositional time of formation Hole predates the deposition of the surrounding sediment.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current

material_class

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identifier naming _system description parent _class source version status
depositional time of formation Hole formed in conjunction with the deposition of the surrounding sediment.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
secondary time of formation Hole created after the time of rock formation,   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
solution enhanced porosity formation process Hole affected by a process of material removal through solution.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
cement filled porosity formation process Hole affected by a process of material addition through precipitation.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
internal sediment filled porosity formation process Hole affected by a process of material addition through sedimentation.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
H isotope type Hydrogen. The hydrogen atom that has 1 proton and no neutrons.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
D isotope type Deuterium. The hydrogen atom that has 1 proton and 1 neutron.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
C12 isotope type Carbon 12. The carbon atom that has 6 protons and 6 neutrons.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
C13 isotope type Carbon 13. The carbon atom that has 6 protons and 7 neutrons.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
C14 isotope type Carbon 14. The carbon atom that has 6 protons and 8 neutrons.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
O16 isotope type Oxygen 16. The oxygen atom that has 8 protons and 8 neutrons.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
O18 isotope type Oxygen 18. The oxygen atom that has 8 protons and 10 neutrons.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
K39 isotope type Potassium 39. The potassium atom that has 19 protons and 20 neutrons.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
K40 isotope type Potassium 40. The potassium atom that has 19 protons and 21 neutrons.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
Sr86 isotope type Strontium 86. The Strontium atom that has 38 protons and 48 neutrons.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
Sr87 isotope type Strontium 87. The Strontium atom that has 38 protons and 49 neutrons.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
Sr88 isotope type Strontium 88. The Strontium atom that has 38 protons and 50 neutrons.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
halite mineral type An inorganic mineral with a chemical composition of NaCl. Also commonly called salt or rock salt. It occurs in massive, granular, compact, or cubic-crystalline forms.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
hematite mineral type An inorganic mineral (iron oxide) with a chemical composition of Fe2O3. Commonly known as rust.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
calcite mineral type A stable, crystalline form of calcium carbonate, characterized by rhombohedral cleavage.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current

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identifier naming _system description parent _class source version status
high magnesium calcite mineral type A form of calcite which contains magnesium replacing calcium ions in mole percents from 11-19%.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
low magnesium calcite mineral type A form of calcite which contains magnesium replacing calcium ions in mole percents from 1-4%.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
aragonite mineral type A crystalline form of calcium carbonate that is less stable than calcite.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current
dolomite mineral type A rhombohedral mineral consisting of equal mole percents of calcium and magnesium ions in combination with carbonate ions.   POSC epicentre 2.1 current

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